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effect of chrome ore size on smelting
Smelting chrome ore ScienceDirect
The objective of chrome ore smelting is to convert the chromium into a form that can readily be used by the steelmaker. Although chrome has been smelted in blast furnaces, it more commonly is reduced in submerged-arc electric furnaces.The composition of the slag, with 30 per cent Si0 2 and the balance comprised of MgO and A1 2 0 3,is typical of chrome smelting slags. If the mechanism of Smelting chrome ore ScienceDirect
احصل على السعرChrome Ores on Ferrochrome Smelting
Abstract—Chrome ores from six locations across the Bushveld Igneous Complex in South Africa are used to investigate the effects of ore types on the smelting The effect of chromite ore granulometry and sintering process parameters was evaluated to improve the metallurgical performance of pellets in a submerged arc Estimating effect of chrome ore granulometry on sintered
احصل على السعرEstimating effect of chrome ore granulometry on sintered
It was found that ore granulometry, i.e. particle size, plays a vital role in the pelletisation process by controlling the number of contact points for bond formation and According to Farjadi and Azari [10], the energy consumption in the smelting of chromite ore was affected by the ratio of MgO and Al2O3 due to its effect on the (PDF) EFFECT OF CHROME ORE QUALITY ON
احصل على السعرTechnology Innovations in the Smelting of Chromite Ore
energy is required to smelt and refine the ore into ferrochrome. There is no point smelting a chromite ore if breakeven cannot be achieved. During chromite smelting, Chrome ore properties play a critical role in various pelletisation subprocesses (grinding, filtering, pelletisation and sintering) and slight variation in ore Study the effect of chromite ore properties on pelletisation process
احصل على السعرInvestigating the effects of particle shape on chromite
For UG2 ore, a South African platinum group mineral (PGM) ore, entrainment is particularly problematic because it leads to the recovery of chromite in the How to reduce the energy consumption of the rotary kiln-electric furnace (RKEF) process has become an important issue for the stainless steel industry. The aim Enhancing Rotary Kiln-Electric Furnace Process of Saprolitic
احصل على السعرSmelting chrome ore ScienceDirect
Two factors in particular have been identified as having an influence on carbon content; the particle size of the ore, and the MgO/Al^ of the slag. Smelting chrome ore 855 Low carbon levels are more readily attained with a lumpy, coarse ore and when the slag has a MgO/Al^ ratio of approximately unity. Higher values of MgO/Al^ are especiallyThe effect of oxidation on phase composition and morphology of chromite ore is studied. Thermogravimtric analysis in oxidizing atmosphere has indicated the oxidation of ferrous oxide to ferric oxide.Effect of particle size on the reduction degree of
احصل على السعر(PDF) The Reduction of Chrome in UG-2 Flotation
The results showed a substantial increase of Cr extraction of up to 37%. This represents 1.33% decrease in chrome content, from 3.63% to 2.30%, in UG-2 concentrate. Normal probability plot of 2 4Chrome ore smelting reduction process in converter for crude stainless steel production has won increasing attention because of utilizing cheap chrome ore as raw material instead of ferrochromium alloy, which can reduce the production cost significantly. Thermodynamic and kinetic mechanisms of chrome ore smelting reduction have been Simulation and experimental research on top blown burner
احصل على السعرMathematical Modeling of Refining of Stainless Steel in Smelting
The effect of temperature on the process of chromium ore smelting reduction in a converter is significant. The mean reduction rate of chromium ore increases from 0.052 wt%min –1 to 0.175 wt%min –1 with melts in a converter when the initial hot metal contains the definite chrome metal at 1560°C. Under the conditions of the mathematical model, the effect of chromium ore size on the process of producing stain-less steel crude melts by chromium ore smelting reduction in a converter is great when the particle sizeMathematical Modeling of Refining of Stainless Steel in
احصل على السعرEfficient utilization of nickel rich Chromite Ore Processing
The initial characterization confirmed the presence of nickel (0.5–0.9% Ni) in the ore, which led to the interest in smelting the ore to obtain nickel in the metal. 1983), reduced germination of some plants (Peralta et al., 2001), toxic effect on kidney, gill and liver cells of freshwater fish (Mishra and Mohanty, 2008), and public healthGlobal annual output of chromite ore is approximately 20 Mt, which has 20% lump ore and 80% fines (<8mm). These chromite fines have very high Cr content (>34 %). Agglomeration of these fines is(PDF) DIRECT SINTERING OF CHROMITE ORE FINES FOR
احصل على السعرComparative Study of Behavior of Lumpy, Small Lumpy, and Lean Chrome
The chemical composition of raw material used plays a vital role in achieving the required product quality, in particular, in ferrochrome alloy production. Different types of ore are used in the South Africa ferrochrome industry, including lumpy and small lumpy chrome ores. Reduction of lumpy ore has its own features during manufacture Strength of Chromite Briquettes and its Effect on Smelting of Charge Chrome / Ferro Chrome 65 The graph in fig.1 shows a significant improvement in the strength of briquettes when grain size remainedSTRENGTH OF CHROMITE BRIQUETTES AND ITS EFFECT
احصل على السعرStudy the effect of chromite ore properties on pelletisation process
Test-sieve mesh size passing 80% of the feed before grinding (µm) and. P 80. Test-sieve size passing 80% of the last-cycle sieve undersize product (µm). 2.3. Pelletisation testThe ore samples of 0–25 mm were grounded and fine material was prepared with 60%, of < 75 µm size fraction. One percent bentonite was added and The ore mineralogy can influence energy and reductant requirements, melting and reaction rates, and effectiveness of prereduction. These are all important factors to consider for furnace design, warranting a deeper Chrome ore mineralogy and the furnace mass and
احصل على السعر(PDF) EFFECT OF CHROME ORE QUALITY ON
According to Farjadi and Azari [10], the energy consumption in the smelting of chromite ore was affected by the ratio of MgO and Al2O3 due to its effect on the reduction temperature of chromitethe smelting of charge chrome / ferro chrome production. Appropriate briquetting parameters like molasses and lim e binder level, molasses quality, particle size dis-tribution and segment condition etc. are essential to guarantee quality briquettes in the successful use of bri-quette and chromite ore fines.STRENGTH OF CHROMITE BRIQUETTES AND ITS EFFECT
احصل على السعرChromite ScienceDirect
Chromite (Cr) occurs exclusively in mafic and ultramafic igneous rocks (Papp and Lipin, 2006).Although some Cr-based minerals such as crocoite (PbCrO 4), vauquelinite (Pb 2 Cu[CrO 4][PO 4]), uvarovite (Ca 3 Cr 2 [SiO 4] 3), and merumite (4(Cr,Al) 2 O 3 3H 2 O) are well known, chromite (FeCr 2 O 4) is the only one that is a For the smelting of ferrochrome, the furnace charge contains ferrochrome pellet, coke, and silica. The main reason is that the quality of chrome ore is reduced, and the proportion of chrome ore powder is relatively large. Chrome ore powder is pelletized, and fed into submerged arc furnace for smelting. The uniform particle size of pellets is 20 mm.Modeling on Reduction Reaction of Metal Oxides for
احصل على السعرMathematical Modeling of Refining of Stainless Steel in
melts in a converter when the initial hot metal contains the definite chrome metal at 1560°C. Under the conditions of the mathematical model, the effect of chromium ore size on the process of producing stain-less steel crude melts by chromium ore smelting reduction in a converter is great when the particle sizeAll stable oxides added in furnace together with chrome ore/reductants/flux will come out of the furnace mostly in the form of molten slag, including CaO, MgO, Al2O3. 20 15 10 5 3.340 3.330 3.320 3.310 3.300 3.290 3.280 3.320 3.310 3.300 3.290 3.280 Fig. 8. Effect of ash, water and volatile on electric energy consumption mwh/t (on right axis) 4.2.Effect of South Africa Reductants on Ferrochrome Production
احصل على السعرEffect of Chrome Ore Quality on Ferrochrome
2. CHROME ORE SPECIFICATIONS The ore is of podiform deposit that has been highly tectonized, thus the small grain size chromites have extensive microscopic intergranular cracks. The binder or veinstone is mainly serpentine with small quantity of magnesia (MgCO3) in veins of chrome ore. Melting temperature of the ore is 1650 The low chromium-to-iron ratio of chromite ores is an important issue in some chromite deposits. The value of the chromite ore is indeed dictated in the market by its iron, as well as its chromium content. In the present study, a chromite concentrate was reprocessed by gravity (spiral concentrator) and magnetic separation to enhance the Minerals Free Full-Text Improving the Quality of
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